Polite and casual are social choices

Korean speech level communicates more than grammar. Age, closeness, role, and the situation all matter. That is why a perfectly formed casual sentence can still be socially wrong for the moment.

뭐 해요? → 뭐 해?What are you doing?

Polite → casual

괜찮아요? → 괜찮아?Are you okay?

Polite → casual

Do not just delete 요 every time

Some common forms reshape when they become casual. For example, 이에요/예요 usually becomes 이야/야, and polite requests or honorific expressions may need a different sentence entirely rather than a mechanical deletion.

학생이에요. → 학생이야.I’m a student.
친구예요. → 친구야.They’re a friend.

When in doubt, stay with -요

Polite -요 style is flexible and friendly enough for most everyday learner situations. Moving to 반말 later is much easier than repairing a first impression made with speech that was too casual.

How people agree to use 반말

A relationship may shift to casual speech after people become closer, but age alone does not give a learner permission to make the switch. Listen to how the other person speaks and, when needed, ask directly. If the answer or situation is unclear, continuing with -요 is completely normal.

우리 말 놓을까요?Shall we speak casually?

A polite way to suggest switching speech levels.

편하게 말해도 돼요.You can speak comfortably/casually.

Permission still depends on the relationship and context.

Requests need more than removing 요

Turning a polite request into a casual one often changes the ending or the whole expression. ‘앉으세요’ is honorific and polite; with a close friend, ‘앉아’ is the natural casual form. Mechanical deletion would produce the wrong result.

기다려 주세요. → 기다려 줘.Please wait.
여기 앉으세요. → 여기 앉아.Sit here.
도와주실래요? → 도와줄래?Would you help me?